Machine for finishing shells.



' V. E. PRETOT. MACHINE FOR FINISHING SHELLS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7. 191a.

Patented June 5, 1917.

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v. E. PRETOT.

MACHINE FOR FINISHING SHELLS. APPLlCATlON FILED MAR. 7. 1916.

1 2285598. Patented June 5, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

v. EfPRE TOT.

MACHINE FOR FINISHING SHELLS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 7. I916.

1,228,598. Patented J IlIIG 5, 1917.

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v. E. PRE TQT. MACHINE FOR FINISHING SHELLS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR- 7, l9l6.

Patented June 5, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

FI T Z M .Z'wwnfak M amma Ji/wwe v. E. PIIEIOT.

MACHINE FOR FINISHING SHELLS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I, 1916.

1,228,598, PatentdJune 5, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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VICTOR ETIENNE PRETOT, 05E PARIS, FRANCE.

MACI-IINE FOR FINISHING SI-IELLS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 5, 1917.

Application filed March 7, 1916. Serial No. 82,618.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VICTOR ETIEN vn Pnii'ror, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at 42 Avenue Phillippe Auguste, Paris, in the Department of Seine, France, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machines for Finishing Shells, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved machine for finishing in a single operation partly shaped shells. In it the shell revolving upon centers is subjected to the simultaneous action of a set of toolssupported or actuated by a movable carrier. Thus one tool eifects the turning of the tapering part, another the finishing of the cylindrical body, a third the finishing of the base, and a fourth the cutting of the encircling groove. These tools cooperate in such a manner that the shell is finished when the tool-carrier has completed one traverse, and the time re quired is reduced to that which is requisite for completing the work of one of the tools.

One characteristic of the machine is to be recognized in the arrangement of the special tool carriers provided with tools with double cutters which enable the ma chine to work in both directions of the movement of the carrier, and'the working position of which is regulated automatically by rules or guides. Another characteristlc is to be recognized in the arrangement of a little special sliding carrier which bears the tools for the cutting of the groove and for finishing the base of the shell, the auto matic motion of this little carrier being placed under control of the main carrier in whichever direction this latter is moving.

The machine also comprises a special gearing of the respective organs for the purpose of insuring the automatic stoppage of the carrier and causing the change of direction at theend of each course, so that the workman can remove from the machine the finished shell and can replace it by another to be finished.

Finally the machine is distinguished by having a very strong and very compact structure designed to increase its power and the elfectiveness of the active organs with regard to the work, and insuring at the same time great accuracy as well as rapidity in the execution of the work.

Referring to the accompanying draw.- ings.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal elevation of the machine which is the subject of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a plan View of the same.

Fig. is a side elevation viewed from the driving side.

Fig. t shows the detail of a counterweight to control the position of the tool carrier.

The machine for finishing shells comprises a lathe bed with parallel slide supports 1, 1, provided with a fixed head 2 and an adjustablehead 3 provided with a center and de tachably secured to the bed by the nuts 4 at a suitable distance from the fixed head, so as to permit of placing between them the shell 5 which is to be finished.

The tool-bearing slide 6 carrying all the tools necessary to finish the work at a single traverse is moved along the bed to the requisite extent, firstly in the one direction, then in the other, alternately, for the purpose of finishing a shell at each passage.

The control of the work and of'the tool: bearing slide is eifected as follows:

A gear wheel 10 upon the shaft 9 provided with fixed and loose pulleys adapted to transmit power from a prime mover en gages constantly with the gear wheel 11, of which the shaft 12 is the lathe shaft properly so-called, and has at its end the center 13 of the fixed head on which is placed the shell to be finished, having the threaded fuse hole slightly cut away at the opening for this purpose. The shell is then centered by means of the part 3* on the head 3. r The shaft 12 is shouldered in order to carry a cone wheel 14 which rests upon a ball race 15 and engages with the conical pinion 16 of the vertical shaft 17 which passes along the axis of the lathe and bears at its end a worm 18 provided with suitable gearing for transmitting the motion to the longitudinal screw 19 which causes the tool bearing slide to move, acting upon a nut fixed to this slide.

The automatic stoppage of the tool bearing slide is effected at each traverse, whereupon the finished shell is replaced by a shell to be finished. It is therefore neces sary to be able to change the direction of motion of the slide for the neXt following out. For this purpose the vertical shaft 17 transmits by means of its worm 18 the motion to the screw 19 of the slide either in the one direction or in the other by means of a rocking mechanism 20 suspended freely about the shaft of the screw 19, which carries two gears, each consisting of two intermediate wheels. The purpose of these gears is to effect a transmission in the required direction between the vertical-shaft 17 and the screw shaft 19, and operates according as the mechanism 20 has been turned to one side or to the other in order to bring the screw 18 into contact with one or the other of the intermediate wheels. 7

Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawing show how the two trains of intermediate wheels comprising each a worm wheel 21 (or 21) are brought into engagement or otherwise as required with the screw 18 and the gear wheel 22 (or 22 remaining constantly in engagement with the wheel 23 carried by the screw shaft 19. In order to retain the pendulum mechanism when moved to one side or to the other so as to keep the screw 17 engaged with the one or the other of the wheels 21 or 21 use is made of a transverse rod 25 having projections 26, 27 which move the aforesaid mechanism; this apparatus slides in the frame and terminates in an external handle 28 by which it is adjusted.

Moreover the said sliding rod possesses two locking slots 29, which can engage respectively one with a projection 29 and the other with a projection 30 upon a longi-' tudinal external bar 31, according to the direction of travel of the slide. This bar guided in supports 32, 32 moved by the tool carrier bears two stop rings 34, 34 against one or the other of which the support 32 acts at the termination of each traverse of the tool carrier for the purpose of unlocking the sliding bar 25 and releasing v the reversing mechanism which disengages itself from the screw 17 by the combined action of the pressure of the screw 17 and of its own weight. For the next stroke the locking bar-25 is again locked by engaging its other notch with the other projection of the bar 31, the screw 19 reverses its direction of rotation and the tool carrier commences a traverse in the corresponding direction.

Thetool-carrier 6 carries with it on one side the tool holder 35, which works upon the, tapering portion of the shell, and the tool holder 36; which works upon the middle.

part of the cylindrical body of the shell, and on the other side it carries with it the tool holders 37 and 38, which work respectively upon the upper and lower parts of the cylindrical portion of the shell. The exact position of the tools is fixed by means of guiding templets 39, 40, attached to the frame and having rolling upon them little wheels attached to the transverse mobile parts of the tool carrier which are impelled toward the work by the pressure of blade springs or of counterweights such as 51. (See Fig. 4.)

It is obvious that the various tools can work simultaneously and each one only upon tions is-r'educed to the longitudinal one and to the duration required for the operation of any one of these tools.

At the same time two other tools are employed, the one 43 for cutting the encircling groove of the shell, the other 44 for turning the external base of the shell. These two tools. are fixed upon a single little holder sliding in a vertical slide support 46 carried by a swan neck 47 attached to the lathe head For one motion of the carrier 6 the little holder 45 has to finish its complete motion of descent and ascent, that is to say, to' move backward and forward. For this purpose a little slide 45 has on its internal face a groove 50 in which the stud 51 travels, which is connected with a little plate supporting the shaft 52 which shaft bears above the toothed pinion 53 actuated by the rack 54 attached to the support of the tool carrier 38, on the carrier 6. The position of the stud 51 is such that it reaches the turning point in its course along the groove on the completion of the half-stroke of the carrier 6 and consequently causes the little holder 45 with its two tools to arrive at the end of their stroke; then at the other half-stroke of the slide 6, the stud reverses the little holder 45, and brings it back into its original position at the termination of the stroke of the carrier 6.

The tools 43, 44 work always in the same direction whatsoever be the direction of travel of the principal slide support, whereas the other tools of the machine work now on the one side and now on the other and have consequently double edged cutters.

Fig. '4 shows a modification having a counter weight to uphold a tool support in the position of action or else out of action. The simple metal rod 50 bent at an angle bears at one end a weight 51 and terminates at the other end in an enlargement formed by two superposed balls 52, 53. The ball 53 rests in a cavity 54 formed in the movable tool holder and passes freely through a hole 55 in the support, in which hole the upper ball 52 is free to move. By turning the counterweight bar to one side or the other the ball 52 on the lever 50 pushes the tool holder in one or the other'direction. This machine may be used for finishing shells of various calibers, but it is especially designed for the finishing of shells of large caliber for the working of which the reduction of the time under operation is more appreciable.

What I claim is 1. Improved machine for finishing steel shells in a single operation comprising in combination a lathe frame, a fixed and an adjustable head in said frame, a rotatable shaft passing through said fixed head and 8 fuse-hole of the shell to be finished, a horizontally adjustable head clamped on the lathe frame, a center on the adjustable head coaxial With the center; on the rotatable shaft, a traveling tool carrier, double-cutting tools on said carrier adapted to operate on the shell in either direction of the carrier motion, reversible transmission gear for moving said carrier operated from the rotatable shaft, gearing transmitting motion from the rotatable shaft to a rocking mechanism suspended around the tool carrier shaft, double gears on said rocking mechanism adapted to transmit the motion of the rotatable shaft to the tool carrier shaft in one or the other direction,an operating handle for changing the direction of such motion, double-cutting tools supported on said carrier, and means for pressing a cutting edge of said tools continuously against the rotating shell.

2. Improved machine for finishing shells in a single operation comprising in combination, a vertical tool holder supported on the lathe head, double cutting tools in said holder adapted to cut a groove around the body of the shell, double-cutting tools adapted to finish the base of said shell and means for manually adjusting said tools.

In testimony whereof I sign my name to this specification in the presence of two sub scribing Witnesses.

VICTOR ETIENNE PRETOT.

Witnesses:

PAUL CA UET, CHAS. P. PRESSLY.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

